Buying your first home can feel like a paperwork marathon. Use this checklist to stay ahead of lenders’ questions, unlock down-payment help, and close with confidence.
1 · Know your debt-to-income (DTI)
Most conventional loans cap DTI ≤ 43 %. Add up all minimum monthly debt payments, divide by gross income, and trim balances if you’re over.
2 · Save at least 3–5 % for down + 2 % for closing
Conventional 97 and FHA 3.5 % programs exist, but you’ll still need cash for appraisal, title, escrow, and prepaid taxes.
3 · Collect two years of income docs
- W-2s or 1099s
- Most recent 30 days of pay stubs
- Signed federal tax returns
4 · Shop first-time buyer programs
Look for state Housing Finance Agencies (HFAs) offering forgivable 2nd mortgages or grants. Search “DPA <your state>”.
5 · Get fully underwritten pre-approval
Stronger than a pre-qualification, it signals to sellers your financing is rock-solid.
6 · Budget for PMI until 20 % equity
Private Mortgage Insurance can add \$30–\$150/mo. Plan to re-appraise or recast once your equity crosses 20 %.
7 · Avoid big purchases or new credit
New car loans or furniture payments can tank your score or DTI—wait until after closing.
Tip: ask if your lender offers a float-down option—if rates drop after you lock, you can capture the lower rate for a small fee.